1.清洗法

1. Cleaning method

管路中的焊渣、鐵銹、渣子等在節(jié)流口、導(dǎo)向部位、下閥蓋平衡孔內(nèi)造成堵塞或卡住使閥芯曲面、導(dǎo)向面產(chǎn)生拉傷和劃痕、密封面上產(chǎn)生壓痕等。這經(jīng)常發(fā)生于新投運(yùn)系統(tǒng)和大修后投運(yùn)初期。這是最常見(jiàn)的故障。遇此情況，必須卸開(kāi)進(jìn)行清洗，除掉渣物，如密封面受到損傷還應(yīng)研磨；同時(shí)將底塞打開(kāi)，以沖掉從平衡孔掉入下閥蓋內(nèi)的渣物，并對(duì)管路進(jìn)行沖洗。投運(yùn)前，讓調(diào)節(jié)閥全開(kāi)，介質(zhì)流動(dòng)一段時(shí)間后再納入正常運(yùn)行。

Welding slag, rust, slag, etc. in the pipeline cause blockage or jamming in the throttle opening, guide part, and balance hole of the lower valve cover, resulting in scratches and strains on the valve core surface and guide surface, as well as pressure marks on the sealing surface. This often occurs in the early stages of new systems being put into operation and after major repairs. This is the most common malfunction. In this case, it must be removed for cleaning, removing debris. If the sealing surface is damaged, it should also be ground; At the same time, open the bottom plug to flush out any debris that falls into the lower valve cover from the balance hole, and flush the pipeline. Before putting into operation, fully open the regulating valve and allow the medium to flow for a period of time before it can be put into normal operation.

2.外接沖刷法

2. External flushing method

對(duì)一些易沉淀、含有固體顆粒的介質(zhì)采用普通閥調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)，經(jīng)常在節(jié)流口、導(dǎo)向處堵塞，可在下閥蓋底塞處外接沖刷氣體和蒸汽。當(dāng)閥產(chǎn)生堵塞或卡住時(shí)，打開(kāi)外接的氣體或蒸氣閥門，即可在不動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥的情況下完成沖洗工作，使閥正常運(yùn)行。

When using ordinary valves to regulate media that are prone to sedimentation and contain solid particles, they often block the throttle and guide ports. Gas and steam can be externally flushed at the bottom plug of the lower valve cover. When the valve is blocked or stuck, open the external gas or steam valve to complete the flushing work without moving the regulating valve, so that the valve can operate normally.

3.安裝管道過(guò)濾器法

3. Installation of pipeline filter method

對(duì)小口徑的調(diào)節(jié)閥，尤其是超小流量調(diào)節(jié)閥，其節(jié)流間隙特小，介質(zhì)中不能有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)渣物。遇此情況堵塞，最好在閥前管道上安裝一個(gè)過(guò)濾器，以保證介質(zhì)順利通過(guò)。帶定位器使用的調(diào)節(jié)閥，定位器工作不正常，其氣路節(jié)流口堵塞是最常見(jiàn)的故障。因此，帶定位器工作時(shí)，必須處理好氣源，通常采用的辦法是在定位器前氣源管線上安裝空氣過(guò)濾減壓閥

For small caliber control valves, especially ultra small flow control valves, their throttling clearance is particularly small, and there should be no residue in the medium. In case of blockage, it is best to install a filter on the pipeline in front of the valve to ensure smooth passage of the medium. The most common malfunction of a regulating valve with a locator is that the locator is not working properly, and the throttle port of the pneumatic circuit is blocked. Therefore, when working with a locator, it is necessary to handle the air source well. The usual method is to install an air filter pressure reducing valve on the air source pipeline in front of the locator

4.增大節(jié)流間隙法

4. Increase the throttle clearance method

如介質(zhì)中的固體顆粒或管道中被沖刷掉的焊渣和銹物等因過(guò)不了節(jié)流口造成堵塞、卡住等故障，可改用節(jié)流間隙大的節(jié)流件—節(jié)流面積為開(kāi)窗、開(kāi)口類的閥芯、套筒，因其節(jié)流面積集中而不是圓周分布的，故障就能很容易地被排除。如果是單、雙座閥就可將柱塞形閥芯改為“V”形口的閥芯，或改成套筒閥等。例如某化工廠有一臺(tái)雙座閥經(jīng)常卡住，推薦改用套筒閥后，問(wèn)題馬上得到解決。

If solid particles in the medium or welding slag and rust that have been washed away in the pipeline cannot pass through the throttling port, causing blockage, jamming and other faults, throttling components with large throttling gaps can be used - valve cores and sleeves with window or opening throttling areas. Due to their concentrated throttling area rather than circumferential distribution, faults can be easily eliminated. If it is a single or double seat valve, the plunger shaped valve core can be changed to a V-shaped valve core, or to a sleeve valve, etc. For example, in a chemical plant, a double seat valve often gets stuck. It is recommended to use a sleeve valve, and the problem is immediately solved.

5.介質(zhì)沖刷法

5. Medium erosion method

利用介質(zhì)自身的沖刷能量，沖刷和帶走易沉淀、易堵塞的東西，從而提高閥的防堵功能。常見(jiàn)的方法有：①改作流閉型使用；②采用流線型閥體；③將節(jié)流口置于沖刷最厲害處，采用此法要注意提高節(jié)流件材料的耐沖蝕能力。

By utilizing the flushing energy of the medium itself, it can flush and remove easily precipitated and clogged substances, thereby improving the anti clogging function of the valve. Common methods include: ① switching to a flow closed type for use; ② Adopting a streamlined valve body; ③ Place the throttling port at the point where the erosion is most severe. When using this method, attention should be paid to improving the erosion resistance of the throttling component material.

6.直通改為角形法

6. Change from straight to angular method

直通為倒S流動(dòng)，流路復(fù)雜，上、下容腔死區(qū)多，為介質(zhì)的沉淀提供了地方。角形連接，介質(zhì)猶如流過(guò)90℃彎頭，沖刷性能好，死區(qū)小，易設(shè)計(jì)成流線形。因此，使用直通的調(diào)節(jié)閥產(chǎn)生輕微堵塞時(shí)可改成角形閥使用。

The direct flow is an inverted S flow, with a complex flow path and multiple dead zones in the upper and lower chambers, providing a place for the precipitation of the medium. Angular connection, the medium flows like a 90 ℃ elbow, with good flushing performance, small dead zone, and easy to design into a streamlined shape. Therefore, when using a through regulating valve that causes slight blockage, it can be changed to an angle valve for use.